The following facts are presented in plain language and are the recommended way to communicate information on drug use and dependence for adults and adolescents.
Why do people use drugs?
People use drugs for many reasons: they want to feel good, stop feeling bad, or learn better in school or at work, or they are curious that others are doing it, and they want to fit in. The latter cause is very common among adolescents.Drugs are arousing those parts of the brain that make you feel good. But after you take the drug for a while, the parts of your brain that are responsible for your well-being get used to it. Then you need to take more drug to get the same good feeling. Soon your brain and body must have the drug to feel normal.
You feel sick, horrible, anxious and irritable without a drug. You no longer have the good feelings you had when you first took the drug. This is true if you use illegal drugs or if you abuse prescription drugs. Abuse involves taking a drug different from what your doctor told you (taking more or crushing tablets to "inject" or breathe in), taking someone else's prescription, or taking it just to "kaifang."
Drug use can start as a way to escape, but it can quickly worsen your life. In addition to feeling unwell, different drugs can affect your brain and body in many different ways. Here are a few:
Marijuana: You may forget something you just learned or have trouble concentrating.
Prescription pain relievers (opioids) or sedatives: The heart rate and breathing rate may slow to dangerous levels, possibly leading to coma or death.
Heroin: Like opioid painkillers, it can slow the heart rate and breathing to dangerous levels, which can lead to coma or death. Prescription stimulants (such as ADHD medications): Your body temperature may become dangerously high, or you may have irregular heartbeats, heart failure, or seizures.
Cocaine and methamphetamine: You can become aggressive, you can have panic attacks, paranoia or a heart attack. MDMA (Ecstasy or Molly): After taking it, you may experience confusion for a long time, as well as problems with attention, memory and sleep.
LSD: Your emotions may change quickly and you may not be able to comprehend reality; frightening memories may occur long after use. Inhalants: The heart, kidneys, lungs, and brain may be damaged, and even a healthy person may develop heart failure and die within minutes of inhaling large amounts of an inhalant.Many drugs can also make driving unsafe. Marijuana can slow the reaction, make you misjudge time and distance, and impair coordination (the way you move your body). Cocaine and methamphetamine can make drivers aggressive and reckless. Certain types of sedatives called benzodiazepines can make you feel dizzy or drowsy. These effects can lead to accidents that can result in injury or even death.
What is drug addiction?
Drug addiction is when you can't stop taking a drug, even if you want to. The desire is too strong to be controlled, even if you know that the drug is harmful. Dependence may become more important than the need to eat or sleep.The desire to obtain and use a drug can fill every moment of your life. Dependence replaces everything you used to love. An addict can do almost anything—lie, steal, or hurt others—to continue taking the drug. This can lead to problems with your family and friends and even to arrest and imprisonment. You can become addicted to illegal drugs, as well as prescription drugs, if you abuse them.
Drug addiction is a chronic disease. This means that it will stay with you for a long time, even if you stop using it for a while. She won't pass like a cold. A person with an addiction can get treatment, but quitting permanently can be very difficult.
Can I just use willpower to quit using drugs?
At first, taking drugs is usually your choice. But as you continue to accept them, self-control can get harder and harder; it's the biggest sign of addiction.Brain studies of addicted people show physical changes in parts of the brain that are critical for judgment, decision-making, learning and memory, and behavioral control. Scientists have shown that when this happens to the brain, it changes the way it works, and it explains the malign behavior of addiction, which is so difficult to control.
If I abstain from drugs for a while (for example, in the criminal justice system or in hospital care), will it be easy for me to remain drug-free? Sometimes people stop using drugs temporarily because they are away from triggers that remind them of their drug use. Far from home, drugs may be less accessible. Once you get back to normal, you are likely to start using again unless you take action to avoid your triggers. This return to drug use is called relapse. People recovering from addiction often have one or more relapses along the way unless they take steps to avoid their triggers.
What is a trigger?
Anything that makes you feel like you want to start using drugs again can be a trigger. It can be a place, a person, a thing, a smell, a feeling, a picture or a memory that reminds you of taking a drug and a high. The trigger can be something stressful that you want to run away from. It may even be something that makes you feel happy. People struggling with addiction need to stay away from people and triggers that can make them start using drugs again, just as people with breathing problems need to avoid smoke and dust.People who have been sober for a while, either because they were in prison or because they were receiving treatment, should know that they are at high risk of an overdose if they break down and take the same amount of drugs as before.
Their cravings may not have lessened, but their tolerance has decreased, meaning that their bodies can no longer handle large doses of drugs. Without immediate treatment, an overdose is often fatal. That's why you often hear about people dying of an overdose shortly after leaving a rehab center.
What makes people more likely to be addicted to drugs?
Problems at home. If your home was unhappy or was an unhappy place when you were growing up, you may have a better chance of having a drug problem. When children are poorly cared for, have frequent altercations, or a parent uses drugs, the likelihood of substance abuse increases. Mental health problems.People with untreated mental health problems, such as depression or anxiety, or untreated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are more likely to become dependent. They may use drugs to make themselves feel better.
Problems at school, problems at work, problems with friends. Failures at school or at work, or problems communicating with people, can make life difficult. You can use drugs to distract from these problems.
Being surrounded by people who use drugs. Friends or family members who use drugs can also get you into drug-related trouble. Drug use begins at a young age. When children or adolescents use drugs, it affects how their bodies and brains complete growth. Using drugs at a young age increases your chances of becoming addicted when you become an adult.
Your biology. Every person's body reacts differently to drugs. Some people like the feeling when they first try the drug and want more. Other people hate this feeling and never try it again. Scientists do not yet have a test that predicts how each person will react.
Is it possible to cure drug addiction?
Yes. People who treat and adhere to it can stop using drugs. They may change their lives to avoid reintroduction of drug use. But they need to try hard and follow the treatment program for a long time.
Recovering from addiction means that you need to stop using drugs and learn new ways of thinking, feeling and solving problems. It is better not to use at all. If you do become addicted, it will be a long and difficult journey.
After you stop using drugs, you still have a long way to go:
You're gonna have to relearn to live drug-free.
You will have to work on the problems that drug use has created for your family, work, friends and finances.
You should stay away from the people you used drugs with and the places where you used them.
You need to understand what makes you take drugs again (your triggers) so you can avoid these things or work on them.
You may also need treatment for problems that led to drug use, such as depression, anxiety, or other mental health problems.
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